最这在研究Opera的UserJS发现资料少的可怜，于是只能自己琢磨。
Opera的UserJS提供了许多事件触发点，可以帮用户做许多事，可如果才能知道页面触发了哪些事件呢？
经过我3天的研究，发现可以将页面打开过程中，所触发的事件都打印到控制台，还是挺方便的，代码如下：
window.opera.addEventListener("AfterEvent",function(e){ console.info(e.event); },false);
AfterEvent是在事件触发后触发你的代码，代码里的e.event是把事件的所有内容完整的打印出来，这就可以在控制台查到这个事件的type，如‘type “readystatechange”’。
找到你需要的事件，再使用AfterEvent.type就可以准确的对事件进行响应了。
关于Opera提供的事件触发点还有很多，可看我以前的文章
Opera里的用户脚本可以根据页面事件来做反应，今天想实际一个功能即在一个页面里所有内容都处理完成后（包括脚本），触发一个函数。
开始使用window的onload事件
1 2 3 | window.onload = function(){ ...... } |
结果发现window的onload事件，是在窗口载入完成后就会被触发，这时DOM对象并没有处理完成，换句话说就是脚本还没有运行完成。
回去重看了Opera手册，里面说不建议使用window.onload=function(){}这种方法加入事件，推荐使用addEventListener方法。
于是在网上找了半天，终于找到写法
1 2 3 | window.addEventListener('load',function(){ ...... } |
结果程序不运行，怀疑是事件对应的不正确，经过google和测试，发现应该使用‘DOMContentLoaded’事件
1 2 3 | window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',function(){ ...... } |
这样程序就可以正确的在页面所有DOM处理完成后，即脚本运行完成时，触发自定义函数了。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 | # -*- coding: cp936 -*- import sys import subprocess def encryptDES(key, string): key = "1234567890TAOBAO" data = args.toString() data = "".join(data.split()) encryptCommand = "echo %s | openssl enc -des3 -a -k %s" % (data,key) oStdout = os.popen(encryptCommand) strStdout = oStdout.readline() return strStdout #echo 123 | openssl enc -des3 -a -k 1234567890TAOBAO def decryptDES(key, string): return key,string #echo U2FsdGVkX1+ECNKhmOuBdGH8uUL4jrD+ | openssl enc -d -des3 -a -k 1234567890TAOBAO def main(argv): try: opts, args = getopt.getot(argv, "edk:s:") except getopt.GetoptError: sys.exit(2) #取得加密参数 for opt, arg in opts: if opt == "-k": key = arg elif opt == "-s": string = arg #指定运行的函数 for opt, arg in opts: if opt == "-e": encryptDES(key,string) elif opt == "-d": decryptDES(key,string) if __name__ == "__main__": main(sys.argv[1:]) |
随机整数：
>>> import random
>>> random.randint(0,99)
21
随机选取0到100间的偶数：
>>> import random
>>> random.randrange(0, 101, 2)
42
随机浮点数：
>>> import random
>>> random.random()
0.85415370477785668
>>> random.uniform(1, 10)
5.4221167969800881
随机字符：
>>> import random
>>> random.choice(‘abcdefg&#%^*f’)
‘d’
多个字符中选取特定数量的字符：
>>> import random
random.sample(‘abcdefghij’,3)
['a', 'd', 'b']
多个字符中选取特定数量的字符组成新字符串：
>>> import random
>>> import string
>>> string.join(random.sample(['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j'], 3)).r
eplace(” “,”")
‘fih’
随机选取字符串：
>>> import random
>>> random.choice ( ['apple', 'pear', 'peach', 'orange', 'lemon'] )
‘lemon’
洗牌：
>>> import random
>>> items = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>> random.shuffle(items)
>>> items
[3, 2, 5, 6, 4, 1]
random的函数还有很多，此处不一一列举，
参考资料： http://docs.python.org/lib/module-random.html
前几天听说windows有个POSIX子系统，于是拿来玩一玩
不过上面的shell看着很不爽，想换成bash，但没有现成的，只能自己编
所以写这文章，算是记录一下过程
1、先下载GUN bash原码，过程不说了
2、我解压到了C：下面
3、打开POSIX的shell，我用的kore shell，进入bash目录
cd /dev/fs/C/bash-4.1
4、运行./configure
checking build system type... i586-pc-interix6.1 checking host system type... i586-pc-interix6.1 checking for emacs... no checking for xemacs... no Beginning configuration for bash-4.1-release for i586-pc-interix6.1 checking for gcc... gcc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for strerror in -lcposix... no checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking for string.h... yes checking for memory.h... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking minix/config.h usability... no checking minix/config.h presence... no checking for minix/config.h... no checking whether it is safe to define __EXTENSIONS__... yes checking for special C compiler options needed for large files... no checking for _FILE_OFFSET_BITS value needed for large files... unknown checking for _LARGE_FILES value needed for large files... unknown checking whether gcc needs -traditional... no checking for a BSD-compatible install... /bin/install -c checking for ar... ar checking for ranlib... ranlib checking for bison... no checking for byacc... no checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes checking for inline... inline checking whether byte ordering is bigendian... no checking for preprocessor stringizing operator... yes checking for long double with more range or precision than double... yes checking for function prototypes... yes checking whether char is unsigned... no checking for working volatile... yes checking for C/C++ restrict keyword... __restrict checking whether NLS is requested... yes checking for msgfmt... no checking for gmsgfmt... : checking for xgettext... no checking for msgmerge... no checking for off_t... yes checking for size_t... yes checking for working alloca.h... yes checking for alloca... yes checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes checking for getpagesize... yes checking for working mmap... no checking whether we are using the GNU C Library 2.1 or newer... no checking whether integer division by zero raises SIGFPE... yes checking for inttypes.h... no checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unsigned long long... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking whether the inttypes.h PRIxNN macros are broken... no checking for ld used by GCC... /opt/gcc.3.3/i586-pc-interix3/bin/ld checking if the linker (/opt/gcc.3.3/i586-pc-interix3/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes checking for shared library run path origin... done checking argz.h usability... no checking argz.h presence... no checking for argz.h... no checking limits.h usability... yes checking limits.h presence... yes checking for limits.h... yes checking locale.h usability... yes checking locale.h presence... yes checking for locale.h... yes checking nl_types.h usability... yes checking nl_types.h presence... yes checking for nl_types.h... yes checking malloc.h usability... yes checking malloc.h presence... yes checking for malloc.h... yes checking stddef.h usability... yes checking stddef.h presence... yes checking for stddef.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes checking for string.h... (cached) yes checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes checking sys/param.h usability... yes checking sys/param.h presence... yes checking for sys/param.h... yes checking for feof_unlocked... no checking for fgets_unlocked... no checking for getc_unlocked... yes checking for getcwd... yes checking for getegid... yes checking for geteuid... yes checking for getgid... yes checking for getuid... yes checking for mempcpy... no checking for munmap... yes checking for putenv... yes checking for setenv... yes checking for setlocale... yes checking for localeconv... yes checking for stpcpy... no checking for strcasecmp... yes checking for strdup... yes checking for strtoul... yes checking for tsearch... yes checking for __argz_count... no checking for __argz_stringify... no checking for __argz_next... no checking for __fsetlocking... no checking for iconv... yes checking for iconv declaration... extern size_t iconv (iconv_t cd, char * *inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft, char * *outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft); checking for nl_langinfo and CODESET... yes checking for LC_MESSAGES... yes checking for bison... no checking whether NLS is requested... yes checking whether included gettext is requested... no checking for GNU gettext in libc... no checking for GNU gettext in libintl... no checking whether to use NLS... yes checking where the gettext function comes from... included intl directory checking for dirent.h that defines DIR... yes checking for library containing opendir... none required checking whether time.h and sys/time.h may both be included... yes checking for inttypes.h... (cached) yes checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes checking stdarg.h usability... yes checking stdarg.h presence... yes checking for stdarg.h... yes checking varargs.h usability... no checking varargs.h presence... no checking for varargs.h... no checking for limits.h... (cached) yes checking for string.h... (cached) yes checking for memory.h... (cached) yes checking for locale.h... (cached) yes checking termcap.h usability... no checking termcap.h presence... no checking for termcap.h... no checking termio.h usability... no checking termio.h presence... no checking for termio.h... no checking termios.h usability... yes checking termios.h presence... yes checking for termios.h... yes checking dlfcn.h usability... yes checking dlfcn.h presence... yes checking for dlfcn.h... yes checking for stddef.h... (cached) yes checking for stdint.h... (cached) yes checking netdb.h usability... yes checking netdb.h presence... yes checking for netdb.h... yes checking pwd.h usability... yes checking pwd.h presence... yes checking for pwd.h... yes checking grp.h usability... yes checking grp.h presence... yes checking for grp.h... yes checking for strings.h... (cached) yes checking regex.h usability... yes checking regex.h presence... yes checking for regex.h... yes checking syslog.h usability... yes checking syslog.h presence... yes checking for syslog.h... yes checking sys/pte.h usability... no checking sys/pte.h presence... no checking for sys/pte.h... no checking sys/stream.h usability... no checking sys/stream.h presence... no checking for sys/stream.h... no checking sys/select.h usability... yes checking sys/select.h presence... yes checking for sys/select.h... yes checking sys/file.h usability... yes checking sys/file.h presence... yes checking for sys/file.h... yes checking sys/resource.h usability... yes checking sys/resource.h presence... yes checking for sys/resource.h... yes checking for sys/param.h... (cached) yes checking sys/socket.h usability... yes checking sys/socket.h presence... yes checking for sys/socket.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... (cached) yes checking sys/time.h usability... yes checking sys/time.h presence... yes checking for sys/time.h... yes checking sys/times.h usability... yes checking sys/times.h presence... yes checking for sys/times.h... yes checking for sys/types.h... (cached) yes checking sys/wait.h usability... yes checking sys/wait.h presence... yes checking for sys/wait.h... yes checking netinet/in.h usability... yes checking netinet/in.h presence... yes checking for netinet/in.h... yes checking arpa/inet.h usability... yes checking arpa/inet.h presence... yes checking for arpa/inet.h... yes checking for sys/ptem.h... no checking for working alloca.h... (cached) yes checking for alloca... (cached) yes checking whether getpgrp requires zero arguments... yes checking for vprintf... yes checking for _doprnt... no checking for working strcoll... yes checking return type of signal handlers... void checking for __setostype... no checking for wait3... no checking for isinf... yes checking for isnan... yes checking for mkfifo... yes checking for dup2... yes checking for eaccess... no checking for fcntl... yes checking for getdtablesize... yes checking for getgroups... yes checking for gethostname... yes checking for getpagesize... (cached) yes checking for getpeername... yes checking for getrlimit... yes checking for getrusage... yes checking for gettimeofday... yes checking for kill... yes checking for killpg... yes checking for lstat... yes checking for readlink... yes checking for sbrk... yes checking for select... yes checking for setdtablesize... no checking for setitimer... yes checking for tcgetpgrp... yes checking for uname... yes checking for ulimit... yes checking for waitpid... yes checking for rename... yes checking for bcopy... yes checking for bzero... yes checking for confstr... yes checking for fnmatch... yes checking for getaddrinfo... yes checking for gethostbyname... yes checking for getservbyname... yes checking for getservent... yes checking for inet_aton... yes checking for memmove... yes checking for pathconf... yes checking for putenv... (cached) yes checking for raise... yes checking for regcomp... yes checking for regexec... yes checking for setenv... (cached) yes checking for setlinebuf... yes checking for setlocale... (cached) yes checking for setvbuf... yes checking for siginterrupt... no checking for strchr... yes checking for sysconf... yes checking for syslog... yes checking for tcgetattr... yes checking for times... yes checking for ttyname... yes checking for tzset... yes checking for unsetenv... yes checking for vasprintf... yes checking for asprintf... yes checking for isascii... yes checking for isblank... yes checking for isgraph... yes checking for isprint... yes checking for isspace... yes checking for isxdigit... yes checking for getpwent... yes checking for getpwnam... yes checking for getpwuid... yes checking for getcwd... (cached) yes checking for memset... yes checking for strcasecmp... (cached) yes checking for strcasestr... yes checking for strerror... yes checking for strftime... yes checking for strnlen... no checking for strpbrk... yes checking for strstr... yes checking for strtod... yes checking for strtol... yes checking for strtoul... (cached) yes checking for strtoll... no checking for strtoull... no checking for strtoimax... no checking for strtoumax... no checking for fdprintf... no checking whether confstr is declared... yes checking whether printf is declared... yes checking whether sbrk is declared... yes checking whether setregid is declared... yes checking whether strcpy is declared... yes checking whether strsignal is declared... yes checking whether strtold is declared... no checking for declaration of strtoimax... no checking for declaration of strtol... yes checking for declaration of strtoll... no checking for declaration of strtoul... yes checking for declaration of strtoull... no checking for declaration of strtoumax... no checking for sys/time.h... (cached) yes checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes checking for alarm... yes checking for fpurge... yes checking for __fpurge... no checking for snprintf... yes checking for vsnprintf... yes checking for working mktime... yes checking for argz.h... (cached) no checking errno.h usability... yes checking errno.h presence... yes checking for errno.h... yes checking fcntl.h usability... yes checking fcntl.h presence... yes checking for fcntl.h... yes checking for malloc.h... (cached) yes checking stdio_ext.h usability... no checking stdio_ext.h presence... no checking for stdio_ext.h... no checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes checking for unistd.h... (cached) yes checking for getpagesize... (cached) yes checking for working mmap... (cached) no checking for __argz_count... (cached) no checking for __argz_next... (cached) no checking for __argz_stringify... (cached) no checking for dcgettext... no checking for mempcpy... (cached) no checking for munmap... (cached) yes checking for stpcpy... (cached) no checking for strcspn... yes checking for strdup... (cached) yes checking wctype.h usability... yes checking wctype.h presence... yes checking for wctype.h... yes checking wchar.h usability... yes checking wchar.h presence... yes checking for wchar.h... yes checking langinfo.h usability... yes checking langinfo.h presence... yes checking for langinfo.h... yes checking for mbrlen... no checking for mbscasecmp... no checking for mbscmp... no checking for mbsrtowcs... no checking for mbschr... no checking for wcrtomb... no checking for wcscoll... yes checking for wcsdup... yes checking for wcwidth... yes checking for wctype... yes checking whether mbrtowc and mbstate_t are properly declared... no checking for iswlower... yes checking for iswupper... yes checking for towlower... yes checking for towupper... yes checking for iswctype... yes checking for nl_langinfo and CODESET... yes checking for wchar_t in wchar.h... yes checking for wctype_t in wctype.h... yes checking for wint_t in wctype.h... yes checking for locale_charset... no checking for dlopen in -ldl... yes checking for dlopen... yes checking for dlclose... yes checking for dlsym... yes checking whether sys_siglist is declared... no checking for uid_t in sys/types.h... yes checking type of array argument to getgroups... gid_t checking for off_t... (cached) yes checking for mode_t... yes checking for uid_t in sys/types.h... (cached) yes checking for pid_t... yes checking for size_t... (cached) yes checking for ssize_t... yes checking for time_t... yes checking for long long... long long checking for unsigned long long... unsigned long long checking return type of signal handlers... (cached) void checking for sig_atomic_t in signal.h... yes checking size of char... 1 checking size of short... 2 checking size of int... 4 checking size of long... 4 checking size of char *... 4 checking size of double... 8 checking size of long long... 8 checking for u_int... yes checking for u_long... yes checking for bits16_t... no checking for u_bits16_t... no checking for bits32_t... no checking for u_bits32_t... no checking for bits64_t... no checking for ptrdiff_t... yes checking whether stat file-mode macros are broken... no checking whether #! works in shell scripts... yes checking whether the ctype macros accept non-ascii characters... no checking if dup2 fails to clear the close-on-exec flag... no checking whether pgrps need synchronization... no checking for type of signal functions... posix checking for sys_errlist and sys_nerr... yes checking for sys_siglist in system C library... no checking for _sys_siglist in signal.h or unistd.h... yes checking for _sys_siglist in system C library... yes checking whether signal handlers are of type void... yes checking for clock_t... yes checking for sigset_t... yes checking for quad_t... yes checking for intmax_t... yes checking for uintmax_t... yes checking for socklen_t... yes checking for size and type of struct rlimit fields... rlim_t checking for struct termios.c_line... no checking for struct termio.c_line... no checking for struct dirent.d_ino... yes checking for struct dirent.d_fileno... no checking for struct dirent.d_namlen... yes checking for struct winsize in sys/ioctl.h and termios.h... sys/ioctl.h checking for struct timeval in sys/time.h and time.h... yes checking for struct stat.st_blocks... yes checking whether struct tm is in sys/time.h or time.h... time.h checking for struct tm.tm_zone... no checking whether tzname is declared... yes checking for tzname... yes checking for struct timezone in sys/time.h and time.h... yes checking for the existence of strsignal... yes checking if opendir() opens non-directories... no checking whether ulimit can substitute for getdtablesize... yes checking whether fpurge is declared... yes checking to see if getenv can be redefined... yes checking if getcwd() will dynamically allocate memory with 0 size... no checking for presence of POSIX-style sigsetjmp/siglongjmp... present checking whether or not strcoll and strcmp differ... no checking for standard-conformant snprintf... yes checking for standard-conformant vsnprintf... yes checking for standard-conformant putenv declaration... yes checking for standard-conformant unsetenv declaration... yes checking for printf floating point output in hex notation... no checking if signal handlers must be reinstalled when invoked... no checking for presence of necessary job control definitions... present checking for presence of named pipes... present checking whether termios.h defines TIOCGWINSZ... no checking whether sys/ioctl.h defines TIOCGWINSZ... yes checking for TIOCSTAT in sys/ioctl.h... no checking for FIONREAD in sys/ioctl.h... yes checking whether WCONTINUED flag to waitpid is unavailable or available but broken... yes checking for speed_t in sys/types.h... no checking whether getpw functions are declared in pwd.h... yes checking for unusable real-time signals due to large values... no checking for tgetent... no checking for tgetent in -ltermcap... yes checking which library has the termcap functions... using libtermcap checking whether /dev/fd is available... absent checking whether /dev/stdin stdout stderr are available... absent checking for default mail directory... /var/mail checking shared object configuration for loadable builtins... supported configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating builtins/Makefile config.status: creating lib/readline/Makefile config.status: creating lib/glob/Makefile config.status: creating lib/intl/Makefile config.status: creating lib/malloc/Makefile config.status: creating lib/sh/Makefile config.status: creating lib/termcap/Makefile config.status: creating lib/tilde/Makefile config.status: creating doc/Makefile config.status: creating support/Makefile config.status: creating po/Makefile.in config.status: creating examples/loadables/Makefile config.status: creating examples/loadables/perl/Makefile config.status: creating config.h config.status: executing default-1 commands config.status: creating po/POTFILES config.status: creating po/Makefile config.status: executing default commands
5、运行make tests
making ./lib/intl/libintl.a in ./lib/intl gcc -c -DLOCALEDIR=\"/usr/local/share/locale\" -DLOCALE_ALIAS_PATH=\"/usr/local/share/locale\" -DLIBDIR=\"/usr/local/libdata\" -DIN_LIBINTL -DENABLE_RELOCATABLE=1 -DIN_LIBRARY -DINSTALLDIR=\"/usr/local/lib\" -DNO_XMALLOC -Dset_relocation_prefix=libintl_set_relocation_prefix -Drelocate=libintl_relocate -DDEPENDS_ON_LIBICONV=1 -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSHELL -I. -I. -I/dev/fs/C/bash-4.1 -I../.. -g -O2 loadmsgcat.c *** Error code 1 Stop in /dev/fs/C/bash-4.1/lib/intl. *** Error code 1 Stop in /dev/fs/C/bash-4.1 (line 628 of Makefile). loadmsgcat.c: In function 'get_sysdep_segment_value': loadmsgcat.c:727: error: 'uintmax_t' undeclared (first use in this function) loadmsgcat.c:727: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once loadmsgcat.c:727: error: for each function it appears in.)
郁闷了，解决不了……
可以从ZIP文件直接安装扩展包
C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages>ez_setup.py -z mysql-connector-python-0.2.1-devel.zip Processing mysql-connector-python-0.2.1-devel.zip Running mysql-connector-python-0.2.1-devel\setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir c:\users\admini~1\appdata\local\temp\easy_install-tp8nrn\mysql-connector-python-0.2.1-devel\egg-dist-tmp-ytwtq4 zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents... Adding mysql-connector-python 0.2.1-devel to easy-install.pth file Installed c:\python26\lib\site-packages\mysql_connector_python-0.2.1_devel-py2.6.egg Processing dependencies for mysql-connector-python==0.2.1-devel Finished processing dependencies for mysql-connector-python==0.2.1-devel
但无法从GZ文件直接安装扩展包
C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages>ez_setup.py -z MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz.gz Processing MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz.gz Running MySQL-python-1.2.3\setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir c:\users\admini~1\appdata\local\temp\easy_install-p2ogwb\MySQL-python-1.2.3\egg-dist-tmp-qpmiwi error:
最近需要使用pymysql连接mysql，结果突然发现pymysql居然没有文档，哭死啊，就一个例子，虽然是连上了但没有文档用起来还真是很麻烦！
经过一堆无用功的测试后，在试图改原代码时发现还有以下的方法可以使用：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | def nextset(self): ''' Get the next query set ''' def execute(self, query, args=None): ''' Execute a query ''' def executemany(self, query, args): ''' Run several data against one query ''' def callproc(self, procname, args=()): ''' Call a stored procedure. Take care to ensure that procname is properly escaped. ''' def fetchone(self): ''' Fetch the next row ''' def fetchmany(self, size=None): ''' Fetch several rows ''' def fetchall(self): ''' Fetch all the rows ''' def scroll(self, value, mode='relative'): |
真是费了我很大劲啊，可以这样使用：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | cur.execute(sql) rs = cur.fetchall() print rs,type(rs) if rs: for row in rs: for item in row: print item,type(item) else: print '空的' |
这部分说明Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0及其后续版本结构的信息,在你重新使用这些部分时将十分有用.
包含以下主题.
Internet Explorer 使用 Microsoft ActiveX 控制和动态文档接口连接不同部分.以下的图表提供了一个总体概括.
IExplore.exe 在顶层;举个例子当 Internet Explorer 装载时它只是一个小应用程序.应用程序执行时使用Internet Explorer部分完成导航,历史管理,收藏夹管理,HTML解析和翻译等等,当它提供工具条和框架支持时就成为一个卓越的浏览器.IExplorer.exe直接面对Shdocvw.dll部分.
Shdocvw.dll运转在Mshtml.dll部分上,同样的其它动态文档部分(例如Microsoft Office应用)通过操纵一个指定文档类型,使它们能够适当装载进浏览器. Shdocvw.dll提供功能性关联,像导航,适当的连接,历史管理和PICS支持. 这个DLL同样开放接口,允许个别的ActiveX控制. Shdocvw.dll 部分更多的涉及到 WebBrowser Control. 对于 WebBrowser 控制,适当连接涉及到在HTML里单击一个连接载入文档和载入一个新的HTML文档等上述实例. 如果只有Msthml.dll存在,单击连接将导致一个新的浏览器实例.
Mshtml.dll is the component that performs the HTML parsing and rendering in Internet Explorer 4.0 and later, and it also exposes the HTML document through the Dynamic HTML Object Model. This component hosts the scripting engines, Microsoft virtual machine, ActiveX Controls, plug-ins, and other objects that might be referenced in the loaded HTML document. Mshtml.dll implements the Active Document server interfaces, which allows it to be hosted using standard Component Object Model (COM) interfaces.
As this is an OLE-based architecture, the ambient properties that are commonly used by ActiveX Controls can also be applied to the Internet Explorer components. In this way, a host of the WebBrowser Control can set an ambient property that will filter down to all the frames and controls hosted in the loaded document.
The WebBrowser Control provides a rich set of functionality that a host typically requires, such as that for in-place linking. Therefore, it is much more applicable for most applications to host this control instead of MSHTML for browsing or viewing HTML documents. Hosting MSHTML is recommended only for specialized applications, such as parsing HTML. The WalkAll Sample Source Page 
demonstrates how to host MSHTML.
It should also be noted that although hosting MSHTML is slightly more lightweight than hosting the WebBrowser Control, the savings rarely justify the extra work involved in implementing functionality that is already available in the WebBrowser Control. It is very likely that the WebBrowser Control will already be loaded in memory, and navigating to a frameset page will also result in the WebBrowser Control being loaded as part of the standard working set.
Hosts of the WebBrowser Control and MSHTML components have control over certain functionality. In the case of the WebBrowser Control, this includes navigation, as well as receiving events when the document is loaded. Hosts of either component can obtain extra control over functionality by implementing the IDocHostUIHandler and IDocHostShowUI interfaces. These interfaces are commonly used to override the context menus that are supplied by default for the browser. Their uses also include setting the 3-D border, overriding the location in the registry where options are stored, and extending the Dynamic HTML Object Model.
The component obtains these interfaces from the host by calling QueryInterface on the IOleClientSite interface implemented by the hosting application.
A common requirement of hosting the WebBrowser Control is the ability to override or add to the context menus that are displayed as the result of a right-click in the browser window. This is of particular interest to applications that are using the WebBrowser Control to view rich content but do not want the user to know that HTML is being viewed. This is also advantageous for applications that do not want the user to be able to view the HTML source for the content.
There are two techniques available to achieve this. The first involves the use of the IDocHostUIHandler interface and allows an application to disable or replace the context menus. The second technique involves the use of the registry and allows the existing context menus to be extended.
The WebBrowser Control‘s context menus can be overridden entirely by implementing the IDocHostUIHandler::ShowContextMenu method. Returning E_NOTIMPL or S_FALSE from this method indicates to the WebBrowser Control that it should display its own standard context menu. However, returning S_OK causes the WebBrowser Control not to display its menus, and it assumes that the host has performed the appropriate action. The host can disable all context menus or bring up its own context menus. The parameters supplied to the host that implements this method allow that host to identify which of the default menus will be displayed by the WebBrowser Control, as well as the coordinates where the menu will be displayed. This provides the host the full context for the menu. For example, the host can choose to override only the image context menus and not the standard context menus.
Items can be added to the existing context menus of the WebBrowser Control by placing entries in the registry and linking these to URLs that execute script. To add items to the standard WebBrowser Control context menus, create or open the following key:
Under this key, you create a key whose name contains the text you want displayed in the menu. The default value for this key contains the URL that will be executed. The key name can include the ampersand (&) character, which will cause the character immediately following the & to be underlined. The URL will be loaded inside a hidden HTML dialog box, all the inline script will be executed, and the dialog box will be closed. The hidden HTML dialog’s menuArguments property (on the external object) contains the window object of the window on which the context menu item was executed.
The following registry entry adds an item with the title “My Menu Item” to the WebBrowser Control context menu and executes the inline script contained in the file c:\myscript.htm.
The contents of c:\myscript.htm are as follows:
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript" defer> var parentwin = external.menuArguments; var doc = parentwin.document; var sel = doc.selection; var rng = sel.createRange(); var str = new String(rng.text); if(str.length == 0) rng.text = "MY INSERTED TEXT"; else rng.text = str.toUpperCase(); </SCRIPT>
This script obtains the parent window object from external.menuArguments. The parent window object is the WebBrowser Control in which the context menu item was executed. The script then obtains the current selection and, if no selection is present, inserts the text “MY INSERTED TEXT” at the point where the context menu was executed. If there is a selection present, the selected text is changed to uppercase.
Under the item registry key created earlier, there are a couple of optional values. One of these specifies on which context menus this item will appear. The other specifies that the script should be run as a dialog box.
The “Contexts” DWORD value specifies the context menus in which an item will appear. This value is a bit mask consisting of the logical OR of the following values (defined in Mshtmhst.h). These values correspond to the constant passed in an IDocHostUIHandler::ShowContextMenu call.
| Value | Constant Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0×01 | CONTEXT_MENU_DEFAULT | Shown on all context menus. |
| 0×02 | CONTEXT_MENU_IMAGE | Context menu of images only. |
| 0×04 | CONTEXT_MENU_CONTROL | Context menu of form controls only. |
| 0×08 | CONTEXT_MENU_TABLE | Context menu of tables only. |
| 0×10 | CONTEXT_MENU_TEXTSELECT | Context menu of selected text only, including images in a selected region. |
| 0×20 | CONTEXT_MENU_ANCHOR | Context menu of links only. Does not include linked images or image maps. |
| 0×40 | CONTEXT_MENU_UNKNOWN | Right-click on none of the above. |
So if, for example, you want this simple extension to appear only in the default menu and the text selection menu, you could create a DWORD value in the registry under the My Menu Item key called “Contexts” and set it to 0×11. From C/C++ code, this can be expressed as:
CONTEXT_MENU_DEFAULT | CONTEXT_MENU_TEXTSELECT
The other optional registry DWORD value is “Flags”. There is only one valid bit (0×1) for this registry value; it is defined as MENUEXT_SHOWDIALOG in Mshtmhst.h. When this bit is set, the script is run just as if it had been called through the IHTMLWindow2::showModalDialog method. The window that runs the script is not hidden, and the dialog box is not automatically closed after inline and onload script finishes. The external.menuArguments value still contains the window object where the user selected the menu item.
Whenever a context menu extension is triggered, the event object off the main window (external.menuArguments.event) contains information about where the user clicked and which context menu was shown. The mouse coordinates are valid along with srcElement. The type value contains one of the following strings, indicating which context menu was shown to the user:
This example creates a new menu item on the default context menu. This item, called Show In New Window, can be used to launch a new window that displays only a specific portion of the current document. If something is deeply nested in a frameset, you can easily launch a specific frame in its own window.
Here are the contents of a .reg file that can be run to insert the correct registry settings. Call this file Example2.reg. Double-clicking this file in Windows Explorer will insert the settings in your registry.
REGEDIT4 [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MenuExt\Show in New Window] @="file://c:\\example2.htm" "Contexts"=dword:00000001
Here are the contents of c:\example2.htm:
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript" defer> window.open(external.menuArguments.location.href); </SCRIPT>
For more information, see Adding Entries to the Standard Context Menu.
It is possible for the hosting application to extend the Dynamic HTML Object Model so that scripts can refer to functionality implemented by the host. Such scripts refer to the host by specifying the external object that is available from the window object. For example, a reference to “window.external.speech” will call the host to resolve the name “speech.” All standard script within the document will be executed normally.
This extension mechanism is implemented in the host by providing an IDispatch interface for the object model extension that will have IDispatch::GetIDsOfNames and IDispatch::Invoke called on it to resolve any references to the external object. The IDispatch that the host provides is obtained by the WebBrowser Control or MSHTML component by calling the host’s IDocHostUIHandler::GetExternal method.
For an example of how to extend the Dynamic HTML Object Model, see the Driller Sample Source Page .
Hosts can control certain aspects of downloadingframes, images, Java, and so onby implementing both IOleClientSite and an ambient property defined as DISPID_AMBIENT_DLCONTROL. When the host’s IDispatch::Invoke method is called with dispidMember set to DISPID_AMBIENT_DLCONTROL, it should place zero or a combination of the following values in pvarResult.
| DLCTL_BGSOUNDS | The browsing component will play background sounds associated with the document. |
| DLCTL_DLIMAGES | The browsing component will download images from the server. |
| DLCTL_DOWNLOADONLY | The browsing component will download the page but not display it. |
| DLCTL_FORCEOFFLINE | The browsing component will always operate in offline mode. This causes the BINDF_OFFLINEOPERATION flag to be set even if the computer is connected to the Internet when making requests through URLMON. |
| DLCTL_NO_BEHAVIORS | The browsing component will not execute any behaviors. |
| DLCTL_NO_CLIENTPULL | The browsing component will not perform any client pull operations. |
| DLCTL_NO_DLACTIVEXCTLS | The browsing component will not download any ActiveX Controls in the document. |
| DLCTL_NO_FRAMEDOWNLOAD | The browsing component will not download frames but will download and parse the frameset page. The browsing component will also ignore the frameset, and will render no frame tags. |
| DLCTL_NO_JAVA | The browsing component will not execute any Java applets. |
| DLCTL_NO_METACHARSET | The browsing component will suppress HTML Character Sets reflected by meta elements in the document. |
| DLCTL_NO_RUNACTIVEXCTLS | The browsing component will not execute any ActiveX Controls in the document. |
| DLCTL_NO_SCRIPTS | The browsing component will not execute any scripts. |
| DLCTL_OFFLINE | Same as DLCTL_OFFLINEIFNOTCONNECTED. |
| DLCTL_OFFLINEIFNOTCONNECTED | The browsing component will operate in offline mode if not connected to the Internet. This causes the BINDF_GETFROMCACHE_IF_NET_FAIL flag to be set if the computer is connected to the Internet when making requests through URLMON. |
| DLCTL_PRAGMA_NO_CACHE | The browsing component will force the request through to the server and ignore the proxy, even if the proxy indicates that the data is up to date. This causes the BINDF_PRAGMA_NO_CACHE flag to be set when making requests through URLMON. |
| DLCTL_RESYNCHRONIZE | The browsing component will ignore what is in the cache and ask the server for updated information. The cached information will be used if the server indicates that the cached information is up to date. This causes the BINDF_RESYNCHRONIZE flag to be set when making requests through URLMON. |
| DLCTL_SILENT | The browsing component will not display any user interface. This causes the BINDF_SILENTOPERATION flag to be set when making requests through URLMON. |
| DLCTL_URL_ENCODING_DISABLE_UTF8 | The browsing component will disable UTF-8 encoding. |
| DLCTL_URL_ENCODING_ENABLE_UTF8 | The browsing component will enable UTF-8 encoding. |
| DLCTL_VIDEOS | The browsing component will play any video clips that are contained in the document. |
Hosts of the browsing components can implement their own security management and override the settings that exist for the WebBrowser Control. This is achieved by implementing the IInternetSecurityManager interface. The browsing component will obtain this interface by calling the host’s IServiceProvider::QueryService method with SID_SInternetSecurityManager. For more information on security management, see About URL Security Zones.
导航完成事件
pDisp:返回目前正在调用此事件的对象,可能是顶层的页面就是当前页面,也可能是当前页面里的某个对象,也可能是应用程序中的WebBrowser对象
URL:返回一个标准格式化后的URL,如用Navigate或Navigate2方法打开www.microsoft.com,NavigateComplete2就会返回一个http://www.microsoft.com/
另需要注意的是NavigateComplete事件到底是什么意思！
当文档正在下载中(如在HTML中图片仍然在下载),但文档已经被服务器确认,并且文档对象在阅读器里已经被创建时,触发此事件.
所以这个事件的触发不等于文档已经打开或处理完成了,只能代表已经找到文档,并已经创建了文档对象,可以开始处理文档了,这时页面并没有完成打开而只是刚刚打开,一切都在处理中,如果想得到文档处理完毕的信息应使用DocumentComplete事件,同时应该注意的是IE处理文档时是多线程的几个过程可能同时处于工作状态.这里的文档也不是单指当前的页面文档,也包含当前页面文档内调用的其它文档内容,如其它地址的链接等,页面头部里的脚本或CSS链接不在此列.
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